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For common gas speciation, an array of California Analytical Instruments gas analyzers include Non-Dispersive Infrared Detector (NDIR), paramagnetic analyzer, Heated Flame Ionization Detector (HFID) and Heated Chemiluminescence Detector (HCLD) are used to measure species such as CO and CO2, O2, hydrocarbons (HC), and NOx respectively.
For fast measurement, the Cambustion fast response NOx and HC analyzers are able to perform cycle-by-cycle analysis. They are usually used together with the direct gas sampling valve. With the fast response time in the order of milliseconds, they are used to analyze the transient performance of in-cylinder combustion and after-treatment reactions.
Different multi gas analyzers are used to perform detailed gas speciation. Multi gas analyzers include FTIR spectrometry gas analyzer, V&F multi-gas spectrometer and Agilent gas chromatographer with mass spectrometer (GCMS). These analyzers can measure multiple species simutaneously. Unlike many HC analyzers which measure the total concentration of hydrocarbon, detailed hydrocarban speciation can be performed with multi gas analyzers. This provides highly valuble information in combustion and emission analysis.
V&F H-Sense hydrogen (H2) mass spectrometer is used to measure hydrogen concentration. In combustion engine research, hydrogen is negligible under conventional high temperature combustion environment. However, under the concept of low temperature and clean combustion, especially when large amount of EGR is used, there is substential amount of hydrogen produced. Hydrogen is important in engine after-treatment reactions. Thus the measurement of hydrogen is of great interest in low temperature combustion research.